TOEFL Reading अभ्यास #013 — The Railroad Built From Both Ends (हिंदी व्याख्या)

1. A. financially supported
2. B. officially allowed
3. C. personally supervised
4. D. publicly announced

1. A. building two railroads that would meet in the middle
2. B. blasting tunnels through granite with black powder
3. C. setting wooden ties, dropping rails on top, and hammering them into place
4. D. the record set on April 28, 1869

1. A. a railroad built entirely by one company from coast to coast
2. B. a railroad used only to carry mail across the country
3. C. the short section of track built through the Sierra Nevada mountains
4. D. a continuous railroad connecting the eastern and western United States, built as two separate lines that joined into one

1. A. The granite there was too hard for ordinary digging, and no railroad had ever cut through mountains this steep before
2. B. Laborers refused to work in the mountains
3. C. The company ran out of money before reaching the mountains
4. D. Congress ordered construction to pause

1. A. Congress set the meeting point at Promontory Summit in the Utah Territory
2. B. Workers drove a ceremonial golden spike into the final rail on May 10, 1869
3. C. Each company was paid by the mile of track it laid
4. D. The two companies agreed on the exact meeting point before construction began

1. A. Some tunnels took more than a year to complete because the work itself was slow and dangerous, and because heavy snow covered the mountains for months at a time.
2. B. Heavy snow fell for months because the tunnels took so long to build.
3. C. All tunnels took over a year to finish because conditions were dangerous.
4. D. Some tunnels were difficult to build in the mountains.

1. A. The Union Pacific had more workers than the Central Pacific
2. B. The Union Pacific started construction a year earlier than the Central Pacific
3. C. The Union Pacific built across flat, open plains, while the Central Pacific had to blast tunnels through solid granite mountains
4. D. The Central Pacific refused to hire enough laborers

1. A. prove that the Central Pacific was a larger company than the Union Pacific
2. B. show how much faster construction became once crews reached open, flat ground
3. C. argue that the record was later broken by another railroad
4. D. explain why Congress had to set an official meeting point

1. A. It shows the dramatic increase in construction speed once the difficult mountain work described in paragraph 2 was finished
2. B. It contradicts the claim in paragraph 2 that mountain tunneling was necessary
3. C. It describes a different company that replaced the Central Pacific
4. D. It repeats the explanation of why the granite was hard to cut

1. A. Square A
2. B. Square B
3. C. Square C
4. D. Square D

In 1862, the U.S. government authorized two companies to build a single railroad connecting the East and West coasts, and each company had to overcome a different obstacle before the two lines could finally meet in Utah in 1869.

1. A. Central Pacific crews used hand drills and black powder to blast tunnels through the granite of the Sierra Nevada mountains, the hardest obstacle either company faced.
2. B. Union Pacific started building in Omaha, Nebraska, while Central Pacific started in Sacramento, California.
3. C. Once past the mountains, crews could lay track on flat ground far faster than before, including a construction record set in a single day.
4. D. Workers drove a ceremonial golden spike into the final rail on May 10, 1869.
5. E. Because construction was paid by the mile, Congress had to step in and fix the exact meeting point before the two lines could finally join.
6. F. Chinese immigrant laborers made up a large share of the workforce that built the Central Pacific's route.